{"id":136,"date":"2023-04-27T16:19:15","date_gmt":"2023-04-27T08:19:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.byzhb.top\/?p=136"},"modified":"2023-05-06T22:55:21","modified_gmt":"2023-05-06T14:55:21","slug":"flask","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.byzhb.top\/index.php\/2023\/04\/27\/flask\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010Python\u3011Flask\u6a21\u677f\u6ce8\u5165\u4ece0\u52301"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fFlask\uff1a<\/h1>\n

flask\u662f\u76ee\u524dpython\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u4e00\u4e2aweb\u5fae\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7flask\u6846\u67b6\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528python\u8bed\u8a00\u642d\u5efa\u8d77web\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf7\u89c1flask\u5b98\u7f51<\/a><\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001flask\u642d\u5efa\u7f51\u7ad9\u6837\u4f8b\uff1a<\/h1>\n

\u6e90\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/h2>\n
from flask import Flask\r\nfrom flask import jsonify\r\nfrom flask import request\r\napp = Flask(__name__)\r\n@app.route('\/')\r\ndef hello():\r\n    return 'I love CTF!'\r\n@app.route('\/value',methods=['GET', 'POST'])\r\ndef value():\r\n    if request.method == \"GET\":\r\n        return 'key='+str(request.args.get('key'))\r\nelse:\r\n    return \"error: \u8bf7\u5206\u522b\u4ee5 GET \u548c POST \u63d0\u4ea4\u53c2\u6570\"\r\nif __name__ == '__main__':\r\n    app.run(host=\"0.0.0.0\",port=8888,debug=True) # \u4ee5\u8c03\u8bd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u542f\u52a8,host=0.0.0.0 ,\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528127.0.0.1\u3001localhost\u4ee5\u53ca\u672c\u673aip\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee<\/pre>\n
 \u6e90\u7801\u8bb2\u89e3\uff1a<\/span><\/h2>\n
app.route(rule, options) \u6b64\u51fd\u6570\u4ee3\u8868\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u5c06\u8def\u5f84\u4e0e\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u7ed1\u5b9a<\/pre>\n
rule \uff1a<\/strong> \u8981\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684URL\u8def\u5f84
\noptions\uff1a<\/strong> \u662f\u8981\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u57fa\u7840Rule\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3aget\u6216post\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u2019\/ \u2019 URL\u4e0ehello_world()\u51fd\u6570\u7ed1\u5b9a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f53\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u6253\u5f00web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4e3b\u9875\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u5448\u73b0\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8f93\u51fa<\/strong>\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
app.run(host, port, debug, options) \u6b64\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u7f51\u7ad9\u542f\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e<\/pre>\n
\u200b\u00a0host\uff1a<\/strong>\u8981\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3002 \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a127.0.0.1\uff08localhost\uff09\u3002\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u201c0.0.0.0\u201d\u4ee5\u4f7f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u5916\u90e8\u53ef\u7528
\nport \uff1a<\/strong>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a5000
\ndebug\uff1a<\/strong>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3afalse\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3atrue\uff0c\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u8c03\u8bd5\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u8f7d\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u8c03\u8bd5\u4fe1\u606f
\noptions\uff1a<\/strong>\u8981\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u5e95\u5c42\u7684Werkzeug\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n
request.args.get('key')<\/pre>\n
\u83b7\u53d6 get\u8868\u5355\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u83b7\u5f97 key \u7684\u952e\u503c<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u8868\u5355\u503c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8fd8\u6709\r\nCET\u65b9\u5f0f:\r\nrequest.form.get(\"key\", type=str, default=None) # \u83b7\u53d6\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\r\nrequest.args.get(\"key\") # \u83b7\u53d6get\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\r\nrequest.values.get(\"key\") # \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u53c2\u6570\r\nPOST\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\r\nrequest.form.get('key')\r\nrequest.form['key']<\/pre>\n
\u8bbf\u95ee\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/h2>\n
\"\"<\/div><\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u662f \/value \u8c03\u7528\u8def\u7531 @app.route('\/value',methods=['GET', 'POST'])<\/p>\n
\u5e76\u4e14GET\u4f20\u53c2key\u4e3a\u201cI love CTF !\u201d,\u8be5\u8def\u7531\u4e0b\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4f1areturn key\u7684\u503c<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u6a21\u7248\u6ce8\u5165\u9884\u5907\u77e5\u8bc6\uff1a<\/h1>\n
\u8bb0\u4f4f\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd \u201cPython\u4e2d\u4e00\u5207\u7686\u5bf9\u8c61\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u7684\u7c7b\u7b49\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u770b\u505a\u5bf9\u8c61<\/em><\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c5e\u6027\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/h2>\n
 __class__ \/\/\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7c7b\r\n__bases__ \/\/\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u7c7b\u6240\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u7236\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u4ee5\u5143\u7ec4\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\r\n__mro__ \/\/\u5217\u51fa\u89e3\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528\u7c7b\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u7956\u5148\u7c7b\r\n__subclasses__() \/\/\u4ee5\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u7684\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u5217\u8868\r\nPython\u4e2d\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u53ef\u7528 . \u53f7\u8bbf\u95ee<\/pre>\n
\u00a0\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/strong><\/h3>\n
class Animal:\r\n    pass\r\n\r\nclass Dog(Animal):\r\n    pass\r\na=Dog()\r\nprint(a.__class__)    \r\nprint(a.__class__.__bases__)\r\nprint(a.__class__.__mro__) \r\nprint(a.__class__.__bases__[0].__subclasses__()) \r\n\r\n>>> <class '__main__.Dog'>  \u5bf9\u8c61\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u7c7b\r\n>>> (<class '__main__.Animal'>,) \u7c7b\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u7236\u7c7b\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5143\u7ec4   \r\n>>> (<class '__main__.Dog'>, <class '__main__.Animal'>, <class 'object'>) \/\/\u7c7b\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7956\u5148\u7c7b\r\n>>> [<class '__main__.Dog'>]  Animal\u7c7b\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u5217\u8868<\/pre>\n
2\u3001object\u7c7b\uff1a<\/h2>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0cobject<\/code>\u7c7b\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u7684\u57fa\u7c7b\uff0c\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u9876\u5c42\u57fa\u7c7b\u3002\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u901a\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5c5e\u6027<\/strong><\/span>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u7c7b\u7ee7\u627f\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u57fa\u7c7b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c31\u4f1a\u7ee7\u627f\u81eaobject<\/code>\u7c7b\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u6e90\u5934\u57fa\u7c7b\u90fd\u662fobject\u7c7b\uff09<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
object\u7c7b\u53ef\u8c03\u7528python\u4e2d\u4efb\u4f55\u539f\u751f\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u90fd\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u5b50\u7c7b<\/strong><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n
\u200b<\/span><\/p>\n
3\u3001Jinja2\u6a21\u7248\u5f15\u64ce\u6e32\u67d3\uff1a<\/h2>\n
\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u6a21\u7248\u5f15\u64ce\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u535a\u4e3b\u7684\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0Smarty\u6a21\u7248\u6ce8\u5165<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n
Jinja2\u662fflask\u6846\u67b6\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u6a21\u7248\u5f15\u64ce<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n
0x1\uff1arender_template \u6e32\u67d3\uff1a<\/h3>\n
\u524d\u7aef\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u524d\u7aef\u4eba\u5458\u53ea\u9700\u7528\u00a0 {{}}<\/span> \u4ee3\u66ff\u83b7\u53d6\u540e\u7aef\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5373\u53ef\uff0cJinja2\u6a21\u7248\u5f15\u64ce\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6e32\u67d3\u66f4\u65b0\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n
<html>\r\n\r\n<h1>{{title}}<\/h1>\r\n\r\n<body>\r\n<a>Hello, {{name}}!<\/a>\r\n<\/body>\r\n<\/html><\/pre>\n
\u540e\u7aef\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
from flask import render_template\r\nfrom flask import Flask\r\napp = Flask(__name__)\r\n@app.route('\/') #\u6211\u4eec\u8bbf\u95ee\/\u4f1a\u8df3\u8f6c\r\ndef index():\r\n    title=\"Flak\u6846\u67b6\u6d4b\u8bd5\" #\u4f20\u5165\u6807\u9898\r\n    user = \"ELITE\" #\u4f20\u5165\u7528\u6237\u540d\r\n    return render_template(\"index.html\",title=title,name=user)\r\nif __name__ == '__main__':\r\n    app.run(host=\"0.0.0.0\",port=8888,debug=True)<\/pre>\n